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[目的]基于配方均匀试验设计，研究磷酸盐体系微弧氧化(MAO)电解液中各组分配比对TC4钛合金表面MAO膜层微观结构、耐蚀性和耐磨性的影响，以得到较优的电解液配方。[方法]通过配方均匀设计确定10组不同Na3PO4、KF和NaOH质量浓度比的电解液，在TC4钛合金表面制备MAO膜层。采用扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、电化学工作站及摩擦磨损试验机分析了膜层的形貌、物相组成、耐蚀性及摩擦学性能。[结果]电解液各组分配比对膜层性能影响显著。当Na3PO4、KF和NaOH的质量浓度比为0.03∶0.63∶0.34时，所得MAO膜层结构致密，富含金红石型TiO2相，在酸性和中性介质中的耐蚀性良好，且耐磨性较优。在高载低频(载荷5 N，频率1 Hz)模式下MAO膜层虽磨损失效，但有效延缓了基体损伤；在低载高频(载荷0.5 N，频率10 Hz)模式下摩擦氧化层的形成使摩擦因数降至0.5，膜层未磨穿。[结论]通过配方均匀设计可优化微弧氧化电解液各组分配比，显著提升TC4钛合金表面MAO膜层的耐蚀性和耐磨性。采用较优配方所得MAO膜层在低载高频条件下表现出优良的减摩耐磨特性，适用于微动磨损服役环境。
Abstract：[Objective] The effects of component ratios in a phosphate-based micro-arc oxidation(MAO) electrolyte on the microstructure, corrosion resistance, and wear resistance of MAO coatings on TC4 titanium alloy were studied by mixture uniform experiments, aiming to identify an optimal electrolyte formulation. [Method] Ten groups of electrolytes with varying mass concentration ratios of Na3PO3, KF, and NaOH were designed via mixture uniform method. Micro-arc oxidation was carried out on TC4 titanium alloy. The morphology, phase composition, corrosion resistance, and tribological properties of MAO coatings were characterized using scanning electron microscopy(SEM), X-ray diffraction(XRD), electrochemical workstation, and friction and wear tests. [Result] The properties of MAO coating were significantly influenced by electrolyte composition. The MAO coating obtained with a mass ratio of Na3PO3, KF, and NaOH of 0.03:0.63:0.34 exhibited compact structure, high content of rutile TiO2, excellent corrosion resistance in both acidic and neutral media, and superior wear resistance. Under the high-load(5 N) and low-frequency(1 Hz) condition, although the MAO coating eventually experienced wear failure, it effectively delayed the damage to the substrate by mitigating the generation of fatigue pits and abrasive particles. Under low-load(0.5 N) and high-frequency(10 N) conditions, the formation of a tribo-oxide layer reduced the friction coefficient to 0.5, and the MAO coating remained intact without being worn through. [Conclusion] The mixture uniform design effectively optimizes the component ratios of the MAO electrolyte, significantly enhancing the corrosion and wear resistance of MAO coatings on TC4 titanium alloy. The optimized formulation yields MAO coatings with excellent friction-reducing and anti-wear properties under low-load and high-frequency conditions, making them suitable for fretting wear service environments.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.19289/j.1004-227x.2025.09.002
中图分类号:TG174.4
引用信息:
[1]邵珠倩,马颖,欧凯奇,等.基于配方均匀试验研究TC4钛合金表面磷酸盐系微弧氧化膜层的性能[J].电镀与涂饰,2025,44(09):10-20.DOI:10.19289/j.1004-227x.2025.09.002.
基金信息:
甘肃省科技重大专项（22ZD6GA008）