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[目的]研究直流杂散电流对红壤环境中纯铜腐蚀行为的影响，为电力系统接地网材料的腐蚀防护提供参考。[方法]通过实验室模拟红壤环境，在0.1～0.4 mA/cm2直流电流密度下进行24 h恒流腐蚀试验。采用电化学工作站监测纯铜的电位动态变化，结合失重法计算腐蚀速率，并运用金相显微镜、扫描电镜(SEM)和X射线衍射仪(XRD)分析腐蚀形貌及产物组成。[结果]纯铜的腐蚀速率与电流密度呈正相关，实际腐蚀速率与理论值的偏差在2.91%～10.21%之内。电位演变呈现先快速下降后缓慢上升，最后趋于动态平衡的特征，腐蚀产物以疏松多孔的Cu_2O为主，表面呈现典型的局部腐蚀形貌。[结论]直流杂散电流显著加剧红壤中纯铜的腐蚀进程，可通过电流密度有效预测腐蚀速率。本文的研究结果为接地网材料的腐蚀评估提供了依据。
Abstract：[Objective] The corrosion behavior of pure copper in red soil under DC stray current interference needs to be studied to provide reference for corrosion protection of grounding grid materials in power systems. [Method] Laboratory simulations were conducted in red soil with DC current densities ranging from 0.1 to 0.4 m A/cm2for 24 hours. The dynamic changes in potential of copper were monitored using an electrochemical workstation, and the corrosion rate was calculated by mass loss method. The corrosion morphology and product composition were analyzed by metallographic microscopy, scanning electron microscopy(SEM), and X-ray diffraction(XRD). [Result] The corrosion rate of copper was positively correlated with current density, and the deviation of the actual corrosion rate from the theoretical value was in the range of 2.91%-10.21%. The potential evolution exhibited a characteristic of rapid decline followed by slow increase, eventually reaching a dynamic equilibrium. The corrosion products were primarily loose and porous Cu_2O, and the surface displayed typical localized corrosion morphology. [Conclusion] DC stray current significantly accelerates the corrosion process of copper in red soil. The corrosion rate can be effectively predicted based on the current density. The findings of this study provide valuable references for the corrosion assessment of grounding grid materials.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.19289/j.1004-227x.2025.03.002
中图分类号:TG178
引用信息:
[1]刘欣,李冠华,裴锋等.红壤中直流杂散电流对铜腐蚀行为的影响[J].电镀与涂饰,2025,44(03):10-15.DOI:10.19289/j.1004-227x.2025.03.002.
基金信息:
国家电网有限公司总部管理科技项目——多源复杂路径杂散电流特征参量及危害评价与治理关键技术研究（5500-202325165A-1-1-ZN）