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[目的]土壤中往往存在多种阴离子，探究土壤中多种阴离子共存对不同金属腐蚀的影响具有重要的意义。[方法]通过浸泡腐蚀试验、电化学阻抗谱(EIS)和极化曲线测试，结合腐蚀产物形貌和元素组成分析，研究不同浓度比Cl-SO4sup>2-和HCO3-共存对Q235碳钢和304不锈钢在吉林地区土壤中腐蚀行为的影响。[结果]Cl-SO4sup>2-和HCO3-对Q235碳钢和304不锈钢的土壤腐蚀存在协同作用。两种接地钢的腐蚀速率均随时间延长呈总体减小的趋势，Q235钢以均匀腐蚀为主，304不锈钢则以点蚀为主。在相同Cl-SO4sup>2-/HCO3-浓度比下，304不锈钢的腐蚀速率HCO3-和腐蚀程度远低于Q235钢。Cl-其半径小及穿透力强而优先破坏钝化膜，引发点蚀。低浓度HCO3-会促进阳极溶解，高浓度HCO3-能够使Q235碳钢形成保护层，但会加剧304不锈钢的酸性环境腐蚀。[结论]Q235碳钢适用于HCO3-含量较高的土壤环境，304不锈钢需避免高Cl-HCO3-协同作用区域，该结论可为输电杆塔接地装置的材料选型及区域性腐蚀防护策略制定提供理论支撑。
Abstract：[Objective]Multiple anions are often present in soils,so it is important to study the effect of coexistence of multiple anions in soils on the corrosion of different metals.[Method]The effects of different concentration ratios of Cl-SO4sup>2-,andHCO3-on the corrosion behaviors of Q235 carbon steel and 304 stainless steel in Jilin region soil were studied by immersion corrosion test,electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS),and polarization curve measurement,combined with morphological and elemental composition analysis of corrosion products.[Result]Cl-SO4sup>2-,andHCO3-exhibit synergistic effects on the soil corrosion of both Q235 carbon steel and 304 stainless steel.The corrosion rates of both grounding steels showed an overall decreasing trend over time.Q235 steel primarily experienced uniform corrosion,while 304 stainless steel mainly suffered from pitting corrosion.The corrosion rate and degree of 304 stainless steel were significantly lower than those of Q235 steel at the same concentration ratios of Cl-SO4sup>2-,andHCO3-.Cl~-preferentially disrupted the passivation film and triggered pitting corrosion due to its small radius and strong penetration ability.Low concentrations ofHCO3-promoted anodic dissolution,while high concentrations ofHCO3-could form a protective layer for Q235 carbon steel but exacerbated acidic environment corrosion for 304 stainless steel.[Conclusion]Q235 carbon steel is suitable for soil environments with higherHCO3-concentration,while 304 stainless steel should be avoided in areas with high Cl~-andHCO3-synergistic effects.These findings provide a theoretical foundation for material selection and regional corrosion protection strategies for transmission tower grounding devices.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.19289/j.1004-227x.2025.03.003
中图分类号:TG172.4
引用信息:
[1]高健桐,张喻贤,张铁涛等.多种阴离子共存对接地金属在吉林地区土壤中腐蚀行为的影响[J].电镀与涂饰,2025,44(03):16-23.DOI:10.19289/j.1004-227x.2025.03.003.
基金信息:
国网吉林省电力有限公司科技项目（2024-10）; 吉林省发改委产业技术研究与开发项目（2020C028-5）