电镀与涂饰

2026, 02, v.45 112-119

电沉积技术应用于水系锌离子电池的研究进展

基金项目(Foundation): 国家自然科学基金（21805051）

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DOI: 10.19289/j.1004-227x.2026.02.013

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摘要：

[目的]水系锌离子电池(AZIBs)在大规模储能领域前景广阔，但存在锌负极枝晶生长、析氢腐蚀及正极材料易溶解、动力学缓慢等问题。电沉积技术在解决上述问题和提升AZIBs综合性能方面具有一定的优势。[方法]综述了电沉积技术在AZIBs锌负极改性和正极材料制备中的研究进展。重点阐述了电沉积在构筑三维锌负极、人工界面保护层，以及制备锰氧化物、钒氧化物、普鲁士蓝类似物等高性能正极材料中的应用，指出了当前存在的问题和未来研究方向。[结果]电沉积技术通过构筑三维多孔宿主与界面保护层调控锌沉积行为，能够有效抑制枝晶生长与副反应；在正极方面，采用电沉积技术可实现无粘结剂一体化电极的原位构筑，通过调控材料晶型、形貌与掺杂，显著提升锰氧化物、钒氧化物、普鲁士蓝类似物等正极材料的结构稳定性与反应动力学。[结论]电沉积技术为AZIBs领域高性能电极材料的设计与可控制备提供了有效途径。

关键词： 水系锌离子电池; 电沉积; 锌负极; 正极材料; 综述;

Abstract：

[Objective] Aqueous zinc-ion batteries(AZIBs) has great promise for large-scale energy storage, yet they face critical challenges including dendrite growth and hydrogen evolution corrosion on the zinc anode, as well as dissolution and sluggish kinetics of cathode materials. Electrodeposition technology has distinct advantages in addressing these issues and enhancing the overall performance of AZIBs. [Method] The research progress of electrodeposition technology in the modification of zinc anodes and the preparation of cathode materials for AZIBs was reviewed. The application of electrodeposition in constructing three-dimensional(3D) zinc anodes and artificial interface protective layers, as well as in preparing high-performance cathode materials such as manganese-based oxides, vanadium-based oxides, and Prussian blue analogs were mainly introduced. The current challenges and future research directions were also discussed. [Result] Electrodeposition technology enables the regulation of zinc deposition behavior through the construction of three-dimensional porous hosts and interfacial protective layers, effectively suppressing dendrite growth and side reactions. For cathodes, electrodeposition allows the in-situ fabrication of binder-free integrated electrodes. By controlling the crystalline phase, morphology, and doping of materials, it significantly enhances the structural stability and reaction kinetics of cathode materials such as manganese-based oxides, vanadium-based oxides, and Prussian blue analogs. [Conclusion] Electrodeposition technology provides an effective route for the design and controllable fabrication of high-performance electrode materials in AZIBs field.

KeyWords： aqueous zinc-ion battery; electrodeposition; zinc anode; cathode material; review;

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基本信息:

DOI：10.19289/j.1004-227x.2026.02.013

中图分类号:TM912;TQ153

引用信息:

[1]李婷,肖抗.电沉积技术应用于水系锌离子电池的研究进展[J].电镀与涂饰,2026,45(02):112-119.DOI:10.19289/j.1004-227x.2026.02.013.

基金信息:

国家自然科学基金（21805051）

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