| 92 | 0 | 2 |
| 下载次数 | 被引频次 | 阅读次数 |
[目的]现代航空发动机多采用铝合金、钛合金与不锈钢组成的多材料混合结构，在海洋环境中异种金属偶接存在电偶腐蚀的风险。目前针对上述3种材料的电偶腐蚀规律及铬酸阳极氧化防护作用的系统研究较少，给装备结构可靠性设计带来隐患。[方法]通过开路电位测试、动电位极化曲线、电化学噪声监测、14 d长期浸泡实验及腐蚀形貌观察，研究ZL114A铝合金(含铬酸阳极氧化试样)、TC4钛合金和1Cr12Ni3Mo2VA不锈钢在模拟海洋环境(3.5%NaCl溶液)中的电偶腐蚀行为。[结果]不同金属材料的电化学特性差异显著，TC4的耐蚀性最优，ZL114A铝合金的腐蚀倾向最强。不同材料偶接组合的腐蚀风险分化明显，高电位差组合易引发局部腐蚀且长期浸泡后腐蚀加剧，铬酸阳极氧化可显著提升ZL114A的耐蚀性，改变其与不锈钢接触时的阴阳极角色，有效降低电偶腐蚀风险；阳极金属在接缝附近腐蚀更为严重，局部腐蚀(点蚀、晶间腐蚀)是高电位差金属组合的主要失效形式。[结论]材料间电位差、表面膜层稳定性及长期浸泡共同影响电偶腐蚀行为。铬酸阳极氧化是提升ZL114A抗电偶腐蚀能力的有效手段。本文的研究结果为海洋环境服役装备的材料相容性设计与腐蚀防护策略制定提供了科学依据。
Abstract：[Objective] Hybrid structures composed of aluminum alloys, titanium alloys, and stainless steels are widely used in modern aero-engines. The coupling of these dissimilar metals poses a risk of galvanic corrosion in marine environments. However, the galvanic corrosion behavior of these materials and the protective effect of chromic acid anodization film have not been systematically investigated, posing challenges for the reliability design of equipment structures. [Method] Open circuit potential measurements, potentiodynamic polarization curves, electrochemical noise monitoring, 14-day long-term immersion tests, and corrosion morphology observation were conducted to study the galvanic corrosion behavior of ZL114A aluminum alloy(with and without chromic acid anodization), TC4 titanium alloy, and 1Cr12Ni3Mo2VA stainless steel in a simulated marine environment(3.5% NaCl solution). [Result] The three materials exhibited distinct electrochemical characteristics. TC4 titanium alloy demonstrated the highest corrosion resistance, whereas ZL114A aluminum alloy was the most susceptible to corrosion. The galvanic corrosion risk diverged markedly among different coupling pairs. Combinations with a high potential difference were particularly prone to initiating localized corrosion, a process that intensified after long-term immersion. Notably, chromic acid anodization significantly enhanced the corrosion resistance of ZL114A and altered its galvanic role when coupled with stainless steel, effectively mitigating the corrosion risk. In all couples, corrosion was most severe on the anodic metal near the joint interface. Localized corrosion, primarily in the forms of pitting and intergranular corrosion, was identified as the dominant failure mechanism for high-potential-difference pairs. [Conclusion] The galvanic corrosion behavior is influenced by the potential difference between materials, the stability of surface film, and long-term immersion. Chromic acid anodization is an effective method for enhancing the galvanic corrosion resistance of ZL114A. The findings of this study provide a scientific basis for material compatibility design and corrosion protection strategy formulation for equipment serving in marine environments.
[1]王春丽,吴建华,李庆芬.海洋环境电偶腐蚀研究现状与展望[J].中国腐蚀与防护学报, 2010, 30(5):416-420.WANG C L, WU J H, LI Q F. Recent advances and prospect of galvanic corrosion in marine environment[J]. Journal of Chinese Society for Corrosion and Protection, 2010, 30(5):416-420.
[2]冯驰,黄运华,申玉芳,等. 6061铝合金与30CrMnSiA结构钢在模拟工业-海洋大气环境下的电偶腐蚀防护[J].中国有色金属学报,2015, 25(6):1417-1427.FENG C, HUANG Y H, SHEN Y F, et al. Galvanic corrosion and protection of 6061 aluminum alloy coupled with 30CrMnSiA steel in simulative industry-marine atmospheric environment[J]. The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals, 2015, 25(6):1417-1427.
[3]袁睿豪,廖玮杰,唐斌,等.数据驱动的航空发动机材料设计研究进展[J].航空制造技术, 2021, 64(18):22-30.YUAN R H, LIAO W J, TANG B, et al. Progress of data-driven aeroengine materials design[J]. Aeronautical Manufacturing Technology,2021, 64(18):22-30.
[4]李玉彪.航发铸铝合金机匣油路射流化学机械抛光机理及工艺研究[D].大连:大连理工大学, 2024.LI Y B. Research on the mechanism and process of jet chemical mechanical polishing for the oil channels in cast aluminum alloy casings of aeroengines[D]. Dalian:Dalian University of Technology,2024.
[5]蔡建明,弭光宝,高帆,等.航空发动机用先进高温钛合金材料技术研究与发展[J].材料工程, 2016, 44(8):1-10.CAI J M, MI G B, GAO F, et al. Research and development of some advanced high temperature titanium alloys for aero-engine[J]. Journal of Materials Engineering, 2016, 44(8):1-10.
[6]翁文丰,万鹏,曹达华,等. 304不锈钢化学蚀刻-激光加工多级织构化及其摩擦学性能[J].电镀与涂饰, 2025, 44(2):15-19.WENG W F, WAN P, CAO D H, et al. Multilevel texturing of 304stainless steel by combination of chemical etching and laser processing and its tribological properties[J]. Electroplating&Finishing, 2025, 44(2):15-19.
[7]何国强,郑进城,李卫超,等.时效制度对ZL114A合金腐蚀性能的影响[J].腐蚀与防护, 2009, 30(1):50-52.HE G Q, ZHENG J C, LI W C, et al. Influence of aging treatments on corrosion of ZL114A alloy[J]. Corrosion&Protection, 2009, 30(1):50-52.
[8]代雨成,樊自田,蒋文明,等. Sr变质对ZL114A合金共晶硅形貌和拉伸性能的影响[J].铸造, 2014, 63(3):221-224, 231.DAI Y C, FAN Z T, JIANG W M, et al. Effects of Sr modification on the eutectic Si particle characteristics and tensile properties of the ZL114A alloys[J]. Foundry, 2014, 63(3):221-224, 231.
[9]杨东,郭金明.钛合金的腐蚀机理及耐蚀钛合金的发展现状[J].钛工业进展, 2011, 28(2):4-7.YANG D, GUO J M. Corrosion mechanism of titanium alloys and development of corrosion-resistance titanium alloys[J]. Titanium Industry Progress, 2011, 28(2):4-7.
[10]董俊,周敬恩,王虹,等.外加应力对高频淬火1Cr12Ni2W1Mo1V钢点蚀电位的影响[J].机械工程材料, 2000, 24(2):17-19, 33.DONG J, ZHOU J E, WANG H, et al. The effect of stress on the pitting potentials of induction hardened 1Cr12Ni2W1Mo1V steel[J].Materials for Mechanical Engineering, 2000, 24(2):17-19, 33.
[11]石林,郑志军,高岩.不锈钢的点蚀机理及研究方法[J].材料导报,2015, 29(23):79-85.SHI L, ZHENG Z J, GAO Y. Mechanism and research methods of pitting corrosion of stainless steels[J]. Materials Reports, 2015, 29(23):79-85.
[12]陈兴伟,吴建华,王佳,等.电偶腐蚀影响因素研究进展[J].腐蚀科学与防护技术, 2010, 22(4):363-366.CHEN X W, WU J H, WANG J, et al. Progress in research on factors influencing galvanic corrosion behavior[J]. Corrosion Science and Protection Technology, 2010, 22(4):363-366.
[13]胡杰珍,胡欣,邓培昌,等.钢铁海水电偶腐蚀的研究进展[J].腐蚀与防护, 2024, 45(1):51-57.HU J Z, HU X, DENG P C, et al. Research progress of seawater galvanic coupling corrosion of steels[J]. Corrosion&Protection, 2024,45(1):51-57.
[14]胡鹏飞,张慧霞,李相波,等.电偶腐蚀研究方法综述[J].装备环境工程, 2020, 17(10):110-117.HU P F, ZHANG H X, LI X B, et al. Summary of research methods for galvanic corrosion[J]. Equipment Environmental Engineering, 2020,17(10):110-117.
[15]董允,林晓娉,姜晓霞.铬、钼对不锈钢腐蚀与腐蚀磨损性能的影响[J].机械工程材料, 1997, 21(6):29-31.DONG Y, LIN X P, JIANG X X. Effect of Cr, Mo on resistance to the corrosion and corrosion wear of stainless steels[J]. Materials for Mechanical Engineering, 1997, 21(6):29-31.
[16]文邦伟,李继红.铝及铝合金在热带海洋地区大气腐蚀[J].表面技术, 2004, 33(6):21-23.WEN B W, LI J H. Atmospheric corrosion of aluminium and aluminium alloys in tropic sea shore area[J]. Surface Technology, 2004,33(6):21-23.
[17]侯健,张彭辉,郭为民.船用铝合金在海洋环境中的腐蚀研究[J].装备环境工程, 2015, 12(2):59-63, 80.HOU J, ZHANG P H, GUO W M. Study on corrosion of aluminum alloys for ship applications in marine environment[J]. Equipment Environmental Engineering, 2015, 12(2):59-63, 80.
[18]胡钟遥,石维,向嵩.超声滚压对6061铝合金晶间腐蚀行为的影响[J].表面技术, 2023, 52(10):194-205.HU Z Y, SHI W, XIANG S. Effect of ultrasonic rolling on intergranular corrosion behavior of 6061 aluminum alloy[J]. Surface Technology,2023, 52(10):194-205.
基本信息:
DOI：10.19289/j.1004-227x.2026.04.017
中图分类号:TG172
引用信息:
[1]罗作炜,曾飞,王正峰,等.铬酸阳极氧化对ZL114A与1Cr12Ni3Mo2VA和TC4间长期电偶腐蚀的影响[J].电镀与涂饰,2026,45(04):134-142.DOI:10.19289/j.1004-227x.2026.04.017.
2025-11-25
2025
2026-04-28
2026
2026-04-22
1
2026-04-01
2026-04-01
2026-04-01