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总结了熔炼、激光熔覆、磁控溅射、粉末冶金、电沉积等高熵合金(HEA)制备工艺,归纳了生产工艺对HEA微观结构及耐蚀性的影响。从HEA微观组织结构、成分分布、合金缺陷、析出相等角度阐述了对HEA耐蚀性能的影响机制。讨论了HEA成分设计、相结构与耐蚀性能的相关性,阐明了Ni、Ti、Co、Mo、Cu、Al、B等元素对HEA耐蚀性的影响规律。目前的研究结果表明,适宜含量的Ni、Ti、Co等合金元素,以及析出相组织的均匀化分布,有利于改善HEA的耐蚀性。此外,分别从动力学和热力学的角度分析了磁场对凝固过程及热处理固溶过程中HEA微观结构的调控机制。通过磁场的施加可以促进HEA凝固过程的形核、晶粒细化及均匀分布,再固溶处理更有利于细化晶粒、促进元素间的扩散、改变析出相分布等。指出了HEA耐蚀性研究方面存在的问题及今后努力的方向。
Abstract：The processes for preparation of high-entropy alloy(HEA), such as melting, laser cladding, magnetron sputtering, powder metallurgy, and electrodeposition and their effects on microstructures and corrosion resistance of HEA were summarized. The mechanisms of the effects of microstructure, composition distribution, defects, and precipitated phases of HEA on its corrosion resistance were expounded. The correlation between composition design, phase constitution, and corrosion resistance of HEA was discussed. The influence of Ni, Ti, Co, Mo, Cu, Al, and B on corrosion resistance of HEA was clarified. The current research results showed that the uniform distribution of alloy elements such as Ni, Ti, and Co, and precipitated phases with a suitable content is beneficial to the corrosion resistance of HEA. The microstructural control mechanism of HEA during solidification and solid solution treatment in a magnetic field was analyzed based on dynamics and thermodynamics. The magnetic field can promote the nucleation, grain refinement, and uniform distribution of grains during solidification. The further solid solution treatment in a magnetic field facilitates the grain refinement and diffusion of elements, and varies the distribution of precipitated phases. The existing problems in current research of corrosion resistance of HEA were pointed out, and some research directions in the future were proposed.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.19289/j.1004-227x.2020.04.011
中图分类号:TG139
引用信息:
[1]龙琼,胡素丽,黎应芬,等.高熵合金耐蚀性研究的现状及最新进展[J].电镀与涂饰,2020,39(04):231-240.DOI:10.19289/j.1004-227x.2020.04.011.
基金信息:
国家自然科学基金（51664009）;; 贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合基础[2016]1067，黔科合LH字[2016]7101，黔科合LH字[2016]7098）;; 贵州省教育厅创新群体项目（黔教合KY字[2016]043）;; 贵州理工学院项目（XJGC:20161212,KJZX17-015,KJZX19-002）
2020-02-28
2020-02-28