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[目的]对比典型纳米颗粒对Ni–Co–Cr合金镀层性能的提升效果，筛选出较优的增强相，为高耐磨、高强度复合镀层的开发与应用提供实验数据和理论指导。[方法]在Ni–Co–Cr合金镀液中分别添加Al_2O3、TiO2及Si C三类典型纳米颗粒，通过复合电沉积技术制备了Ni–Co–Cr合金基复合镀层。通过扫描电镜(SEM)、能谱分析(EDS)、X射线衍射(XRD)、高分辨透射电镜(HRTEM)等手段，考察了3种复合镀层的微观结构、力学性能及界面结合强度。[结果]Ni–Co–Cr–Al_2O3复合镀层表面形成密集凹坑，而Ni–Co–Cr–TiO2与Ni–Co–Cr–Si C复合镀层表面呈现颗粒凸起结构，这与纳米颗粒的导电性密切相关。复合镀层中颗粒共沉积量均随电镀液中颗粒含量增大而增大，且纳米颗粒的引入显著影响Co2+的电化学沉积动力学。Ni–Co–Cr–Si C复合镀层的综合性能最佳，其显微硬度高达878 HV，磨损率相较于Ni–Co–Cr合金镀层降低约54.9%，界面结合强度提高10%。微观结构分析表明，Si C与Ni–Co–Cr基质之间形成以非共格界面为主、兼具半共格特征的界面结构。[结论]Si C纳米颗粒是Ni–Co–Cr合金镀层理想的增强相，可显著提升其力学性能与界面结合强度。
Abstract：[Objective] The effects of typical nanoparticles on the properties of Ni–Co–Cr alloy coatings were compared, to identify the optimal reinforcing phase, and provide experimental data and theoretical guidance for the development and application of wear-resistant and high-strength composite coatings. [Method] Ni–Co–Cr alloy-based composite coatings were prepared via composite electroplating by incorporating three types of typical nanoparticles i.e. Al_2O3, TiO2, and SiC, into a Ni–Co–Cr alloy-based bath. The microstructure, mechanical properties, and interfacial bonding strength of the three types of composite coatings were studied using scanning electron microscopy(SEM), energy-dispersive Xray spectroscopy(EDS), X-ray diffraction(XRD), and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy(HRTEM). [Result] Densely distributed pits formed on surface of Ni–Co–Cr–Al_2O3 composite coating, while the Ni–Co–Cr–TiO2 and Ni–Co–Cr–SiC composite coatings exhibited protruding particle structures, which is closely related to the conductive properties of nanoparticles. The co-deposition amount of nanoparticles in composite coatings increased linearly with their concentration in plating baths, and the introduction of nanoparticles significantly influenced the electrochemical deposition kinetics of Co2+. The Ni–Co–Cr–SiC composite coating demonstrated the best overall performance, with a microhardness of 878 HV, a reduction in wear rate by approximately 54.9% compared to the Ni–Co–Cr alloy coating, and a 10% improvement in interfacial bonding strength. Microstructural analysis revealed that the interface between Si C and the Ni–Co–Cr matrix was predominantly incoherent, with some semi-coherent characteristics [Conclusion] Si C nanoparticles are an ideal reinforcing phase for Ni–Co–Cr alloy coatings, which significantly enhances the coatings' mechanical properties and interfacial bonding strength.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.19289/j.1004-227x.2026.02.011
中图分类号:TQ153.2
引用信息:
[1]刘鹏,陈登福,华倩,等.不同纳米颗粒增强相Ni–Co–Cr合金基复合镀层的性能及界面结构[J].电镀与涂饰,2026,45(02):91-102.DOI:10.19289/j.1004-227x.2026.02.011.
基金信息:
国家自然科学基金（52074053,52274320）; 陕西省自然科学基础研究计划（2025JC-YBQN-754）; 陕西省稀有金属装备制造共性技术研发平台（2024ZG-GXPT-02）