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[目的]研究碱性羟基乙叉二膦酸(HEDP)镀镉体系中镉的电沉积行为，为无氰镀镉工艺开发及优化提供参考。[方法]采用HEDP作为配位剂进行电镀镉，通过计时电位曲线、阴极极化曲线、计时电流曲线测试分析了碱性HEDP镀镉体系中镉的阴极还原过程、成核及生长机制。[结果] HEDP体系镀镉液的pH为11.0～13.0时，镉配离子主要以Cd L2-(L为羟基乙叉二膦酸根离子)形式存在，且电沉积过程中不存在前置反应，Cd L2-直接在阴极表面放电还原成Cd；该过程为不可逆电极反应，并受到扩散过程和电化学过程联合控制；镉的电结晶前期遵循三维连续成核方式，之后逐渐变为三维瞬时成核方式。[结论]碱性HEDP镀镉体系中镉电沉积属于无前置转化反应及由扩散过程和电化学过程共同控制的不可逆电极过程。
Abstract：[Objective] The electrochemical deposition behavior of cadmium in an alkaline hydroxyethylidene diphosphonic acid(HEDP) bath was studied, aiming to provide a reference for the development and optimization of cyanide-free cadmium electroplating technology. [Method] Cadmium electroplating was performed using HEDP as the complexing agent. The cathodic reduction process, nucleation, and growth mechanism of cadmium in the alkaline HEDP bath were analyzed through chronopotentiometry, cathodic polarization curves measurement, and chronoamperometry. [Result] The predominant species of cadmium complex in the HEDP bath with a pH of 11.0-13.0 were CdL2-(where L represented the HEDP anion). No preceding chemical reaction occurred during electrodeposition, and CdL2- was directly discharged and reduced to Cd on cathode surface. The electrodeposition of cadmium in this bath was controlled by both diffusion and electrochemical steps. The electrocrystallization of cadmium initially followed a three-dimensional progressive nucleation mode, and then transformed to a three-dimensional instantaneous nucleation mode. [Conclusion] The cadmium electrodeposition in the alkaline HEDP bath is an irreversible electrode process without pre-treatment conversion and controlled by both diffusion and electrochemical steps.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.19289/j.1004-227x.2026.04.006
中图分类号:TQ153.17
引用信息:
[1]唐宇轩,刘威,宋子豪,等.碱性羟基乙叉二膦酸配位体系中镉的电沉积行为研究[J].电镀与涂饰,2026,45(04):41-49.DOI:10.19289/j.1004-227x.2026.04.006.
基金信息:
中国航空发动机集团产学研合作项目（HFZL2020CXY026）
2025-08-01
2025
2026-04-28
2026
2026-04-22
1
2026-01-30
2026-01-30
2026-01-30