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摘要:

[目的]针对氰化物镀镉工艺毒性大、污染严重的问题,开展无氰镀镉工艺在航空制件上的工程化应用研究,以推动绿色环保表面处理技术对传统高污染工艺的替代。[方法]通过霍尔槽试验、连续生产试验、陈化试验,以及扫描电镜(SEM)、盐雾试验、划格试验、氢脆性测试等多种手段,研究了CFG-SN无氰镀镉的镀液分散能力、稳定性、镀速,以及镀层的外观、微观形貌、结合力、耐蚀性与氢脆性,并与氰化物镀镉工艺进行对比。[结果] CFG-SN无氰镀镉液成分稳定,最佳工艺参数为电流密度1 A/dm2、pH 6.5~7.0;其镀速与分散能力与氰化物镀镉相当,镀层外观光亮度略低但仍符合航空工业标准,不过存在一些微观孔隙;镀层结合力良好,耐盐雾腐蚀性能满足HB 5362–1986要求,氢脆性合格。[结论]无氰镀镉工艺在关键性能上接近甚至达到氰化物镀镉水平,且具有环保优势,具备在航空领域工程化应用并替代氰化物镀镉的可行性,符合绿色制造发展要求。

Abstract:

[Objective] To address the issues of high toxicity and severe pollution associated with cyanide cadmium plating, this study investigates the engineering application of cyanide-free cadmium plating on aerospace components, aiming to promote the replacement of traditional highly polluting processes with green and environmentally friendly surface treatment technologies. [Method] The throwing power, stability, and plating rate of the CFG-SN cyanide-free cadmium plating bath, as well as the appearance, microstructure, adhesion, corrosion resistance, and hydrogen embrittlement of Cd coatings, were studied through Hull cell test, continuous production test, aging test, scanning electron microscopy(SEM), salt spray test, cross-cut adhesion test, and hydrogen embrittlement test. A comparative analysis was conducted with cyanide cadmium plating. [Result] The CFG-SN cyanide-free cadmium plating bath exhibited stable composition, with optimal process parameters of current density 1 A/dm2 and pH 6.5-7.0. The plating rate and throwing power of cyanide-free plating were comparable to those of cyanide cadmium plating. Although the cyanide-free Cd coating brightness was slightly lower than that of cyanide Cd coating, it still met aerospace industry standard, despite the presence of some microscopic pores. The Cd coating demonstrated good adhesion, corrosion resistance satisfying HB 5362–1986 requirements, and acceptable hydrogen embrittlement performance. [Conclusion] The cyanide-free cadmium plating process achieves key performance indicators close to or on par with cyanide cadmium plating, while offering significant environmental advantages. It demonstrates feasibility for engineering application in the aerospace field as a replacement for cyanide cadmium plating, aligning with the requirements of green manufacturing development.

参考文献

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基本信息:

DOI:10.19289/j.1004-227x.2026.04.007

中图分类号:V261;TQ153.17

引用信息:

[1]郭宇超,张冲,张帝,等.无氰镀镉工艺在航空领域的工程化应用研究[J].电镀与涂饰,2026,45(04):50-57.DOI:10.19289/j.1004-227x.2026.04.007.

发布时间:

2026-01-19

出版时间:

2026-01-19

网络发布时间:

2026-01-19

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